RISERS ACADEMY - Mustafa Group of Institutions
CHAPTER 3:
MCQS
1. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is primarily involved in the synthesis of:
Answer: Lipids
2. Which of the following cellular structures is found in animal cells and helps in cell division?
Answer: Centrioles
3. Which sub-cellular organelle plays a crucial role in energy production within the cell?
Answer: Mitochondria
4. What is the primary function of ribosomes?
Answer: Protein synthesis
5. Which cell organelle is responsible for breaking down waste materials?
Answer: Lysosomes
6. Which organelle can double its number by itself?
Answer: Mitochondria
7. The process of cellular respiration occurs in:
Answer: Mitochondria
8. Which specialized region of the nucleus is responsible for ribosome assembly?
Answer: Nucleolus
9. Which cell organelle is involved in packaging and modifying proteins?
Answer: Golgi apparatus
10. Which of the following cell structures is involved in maintaining cell shape?
Answer: Cytoskeleton
11. What is the main function of the nuclear pores?
Answer: Regulation of transport between nucleus and cytoplasm
12. Which of these are present on the surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Answer: Ribosomes
13. Ribosomes are composed of:
Answer: rRNA and proteins
14. In a multicellular plant, which cell type is responsible for the production of glucose?
Answer: Mesophyll cells
15. Which one is the basic unit of life:
Answer: Cell
18. Nucleus in cell was discovered by:
Answer: Robert Brown
19. Who examined a thin slice of cork and discovered tiny box like structures that he called cell:
Answer: Robert Hooke
20. Cell wall is:
Answer: A rigid structure outside the cell membrane
21. It provides shape, strength, protection and support:
Answer: Cell wall
22. Cellulose in cell wall is arranged in a:
Answer: Microfibrils
23. Fungus cell wall contains:
Answer: Chitin
24. Peptidoglycan is a complex of:
Answer: Polysaccharides and proteins
25. The channels in cell wall that allows the exchange of molecules between adjacent cells:
Answer: Plasmodesmata
26. According to fluid mosaic model lipids make a fluid like bilayer in which molecules are submerged:
Answer: Proteins
27. All cells have thin and elastic structure around the cytoplasm:
Answer: Cell membrane
28. Ribosomes contains equal amount of:
Answer: rRNA and proteins
29. Ribosomes are the sites of:
Answer: Protein synthesis
30. Which of the following organelle is not bounded by membranes:
Answer: Ribosomes and Centrioles
31. Detoxification of lipids and other harmful chemicals, transport of material is the function of:
Answer: SER (Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum)
32. Flattened sacs in the cytoplasm is called:
Answer: Cisternae
33. Which of the following organelle found in both plant and animal cells:
Answer: Golgi apparatus
34. The liquid part of the cytoplasm that includes molecules and small particles but not membrane bound organelles is called:
Answer: Cytosol
35. In 1906, Golgi was awarded noble prize for:
Answer: Physiology and Medicine
36. Secretions of Golgi vesicles and modification of molecules coming from rough ER is the function of:
Answer: Golgi apparatus
37. Cytoplasm is a complex of:
Answer: All (Water, Protein, Enzymes)
38. Nucleus serve as the:
Answer: Control center
39. The jelly like material inside nuclear envelope is:
Answer: Nucleoplasm
40. DNA is also called:
Answer: Hereditary material
41. Intermediate filaments:
Answer: Both (Keratin and Vimentin)
42. The part of cytoskeleton that holds organelles in place and act as track for organelles:
Answer: Microtubules
43. Lysosomes contain enzymes:
Answer: Hydrolytic enzymes
44. The inner membrane of mitochondrion form folds called:
Answer: Cristae
45. Which of the following organelles contain their own DNA and ribosomes:
Answer: Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
46. Mitochondria is referred as:
Answer: Powerhouse of cell
47. The pigment found in chloroplasts is:
Answer: Chlorophyll
48. With the help of photosynthetic pigments chloroplasts capture light energy and convert into chemical energy in the form of:
Answer: ATP
49. A sac like structure which make granum is called:
Answer: Thylakoids
50. Which of the following give color to petals of flowers and fruit:
Answer: Chromoplasts
51. Each centriole is made up of microtubules:
Answer: Triplets (9+0 arrangement)
52. Basal bodies are responsible for the formation of:
Answer: Cilia and Flagella
53. A network of channels extending from cell membrane to nuclear membrane is called:
Answer: Endoplasmic reticulum
54. The site of enzyme synthesis in cell is:
Answer: Ribosomes
55. Which of the following cell organelles does not contain DNA?
Answer: Lysosomes
56. Phospholipids are required for cell membrane formation are synthesized in:
Answer: Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
57. Cytoskeleton is an important of eukaryotic cells. Which of the following statement correctly described cytoskeleton?
Answer: Cytoskeleton provides mechanical support and has role in cell division
58. Which of the following statement correctly represent ribosomes?
Answer: They are produced in the nucleus then migrate to the cytoplasm where they synthesize proteins
59. Cell walls are found in these organisms, except for:
Answer: Animals
60. The chloroplast functions in:
Answer: Photosynthesis
61. Which plastid is primarily involved in the storage of food molecules in plant:
Answer: Leucoplasts
62. The stacked membranous structure in the chloroplast is:
Answer: Granum
63. The membranous structure in the chloroplast is:
Answer: Thylakoids
64. The type of plastid present in fruits are:
Answer: Chromoplasts
65. The type of plastid present in roots are:
Answer: Leucoplasts
66. Single membrane bounded organelles having strong digestive enzymes are:
Answer: Lysosomes
67. The organelle which provides energy to the cell:
Answer: Mitochondria
68. Inside the nucleus, granular material is called:
Answer: Chromatin
69. Cell wall is present in the cells of:
Answer: Plants and prokaryotes only
70. Which organelles are covered with a double membrane?
Answer: Mitochondria
71. Which of following organisms is a prokaryote?
Answer: Escherichia coli
72. Which structure is exclusive to plant cells?
Answer: Chloroplast
73. What is the primary role of centrioles in animal cells?
Answer: Cell division
74. What is the primary pigment responsible for capturing sunlight in chloroplasts?
Answer: Chlorophyll
75. Storage of water, nutrients and waste product and provisions of:
Answer: Central vacuole
76. Animal cell change shape easily due to the lack of:
Answer: Cell wall
77. The cells which are specialized for photosynthesis:
Answer: Mesophyll cells
78. The flat and tightly packed cells that make the outer layer of plant organ:
Answer: Epidermal cells
79. Epidermal cells make extensions called root hairs to:
Answer: Absorb water and minerals from soil
80. These cells are spindle shaped and nonstratified:
Answer: Muscle cells
81. The elongated cells filled with actin and other contractile proteins:
Answer: Muscle cells
83. Longer cytoplasmic extensions carry nerve impulses away from the cell body:
Answer: Axons
84. In mammals mature red blood cells do not contain:
Answer: Nucleus
85. Biconcave disc shaped cells:
Answer: Red blood cells
86. Toxic ammonia is converted into less toxic form urea in liver, hence it assist:
Answer: Kidney function
87. Which cell contains extensive network of SER helps for extensive detoxification and lipid synthesis:
Answer: Liver cells
88. Small ducts are present between liver cells which collect and transport their secretion to the:
Answer: Bile duct
89. A red blood cell and a plant root hair cell both have:
Answer: Large surface area
90. The shape of normal red blood cells is:
Answer: Biconcave
91. The biconcave disk shape of red blood cell is advantageous for:
Answer: Oxygen transport
92. Liver cells, hepatocytes, are well-suited for various functions due to their:
Answer: All of the above
93. What is cell specialization?
Answer: The process where a cell changes to perform a unique function
94. Unspecialized cells that has the ability to differentiate into a variety of specialized cell types is called:
Answer: Stem Cell
95. In some parts of the body, such as gut and bone marrow, adult stem cell regularly divide to produce new tissues for:
Answer: Maintenance and repair
96. What is not true about prokaryotic cells:
Answer: Plasma membrane lack cholesterol
97. Which of the following statement is correctly matched:
Answer: Cytoplasm - involved in metabolic reactions
98. Three organelles X, Y and Z are present in cytoplasm organelle X can synthesize proteins, Y is involved in the contraction of muscles, and Z controls all activities of cell:
Answer: X is ribosome, Y is Endoplasmic reticulum and Z is nucleus
99. A student in a laboratory isolate some animal cells and view them under the microscope. He observes excess of ATP in the cell. Which organelle is abundant in the cell?
Answer: Mitochondria
100. Which of the following organelles have double membrane:
Answer: Chloroplasts, mitochondria
101. Mesophyll cells contain large amount of chloroplasts:
Answer: To enhance photosynthesis
102. Which of the following statement is correct:
Answer: In animal cells centrioles ensures the accurate distribution of chromosome
103. Which pair is mismatched:
Answer: Liver cells - spindle shaped
104. Stem cells remain in different parts of the body throughout life. What is the function of these cells:
Answer: Regeneration of damaged tissue
105. Waste material began to accumulate in plants cell due to the absence of:
Answer: Lysosomes
106. The process of cellular respiration occurs in:
Answer: Mitochondria
107. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is primarily involved in the synthesis of:
Answer: Lipids
108. Ribosomes are composed of:
Answer: RNA and protein
109. What is the primary function of ribosomes?
Answer: Protein synthesis
110. Which cell organelle is involved in packaging and modifying protein?
Answer: Golgi apparatus
111. Which cell organelle is responsible for breaking down waste materials?
Answer: Lysosomes
112. Which of the following cell structures is involved in maintaining cell shape?
Answer: Cytoskeleton
113. Which specialized region of the nucleus is responsible for ribosome assembly?
Answer: Nucleolus
114. What is the main function of the nuclear pores?
Answer: Transport of molecules between nucleus and cytoplasm
115. Which of the following cellular structures is found in animal cells and helps in cell division?
Answer: Centrioles
116. Which sub-cellular organelle plays a crucial role in energy production within the cell?
Answer: Mitochondria
117. In a multicellular plant, which cell type is responsible for the production of glucose?
Answer: Mesophyll cells
118. Which of these are present on the surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Answer: Ribosomes
SHORT QUESTIONS.
(i) What is cell?
(ii) Why mitochondria are known as power house of the cell?
(iii) Write down the definition of cell discovered by Robert Hooke.
(iv) Select the structure which are present in all cells of all kingdoms, Write one function of each selected structure. (Cell membrane; Nucleus; Chromosomes)
(v) Define cell wall. Write its function.
(vi) What is chloroplast?
(vii) Differentiate between primary and secondary wall.
(viii) What is golgi apparatus?
(ix) What are plasmodesmata?
(x) What is mitochondrion?
(xi) Explain fluid mosaic model.
(xii) What do you know about nucleus?
(xiii) Why cell membrane is called selectively permeable membrane?
(xiv) Define cytosol.
(xv) Write down two functions of cytoplasm.
(xvi) Why DNA is called hereditary material?
(xvii) What is chromatin?
(xviii) Define Nucleolus.
(xix) Differentiate between microtubules and microfilaments.
(xx) Describe the location of ribosome and its composition.
(xxi) Differentiate between rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
(xxii) Define cisternae.
(xxiii) Describe the role of golgi apparatus.
(xxiv) What are lysosomes? Write its two functions.
(xxv) Explain "mitochondrion are the powerhouse of cell."
(xxvi) Briefly describe the structure of mitochondrion. Make diagram.
(xxvii) How chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis?
(xxviii) Describe the structure of inner membrane of chloroplasts.
(xxix) Differentiate between chromoplast and leucoplast.
(xxx) Why are the vacuoles called the waste bin of cell?
(xxxi) Where vacuoles are found in plant and animal cells?
(xxxii) What is turgor?
(xxxiii) Write down the location and structure of centrioles.
(xxxiv) Differentiation between cilia and flagella.
(xxxv) What is the advantage of centrioles in animal cell?
(xxxvi) How would you define a stem cell?
(xxxvii) Name the chemical compounds that make up:
(a) Cell membrane
(b) Fungal cell wall
(c) Plant cell wall
(d) Bacterial cell wall
(e) Ribosomes
(f) Chromosomes
(xxxviii) Label the parts of these cell diagrams?
LONG QUESTIONS
(a) Explain the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane.
(b) Describe the structure and functions of the cell wall.
(c) Discuss the components of the nucleus.
(d) Describe the structure and function of lysosome and endoplasmic reticulum.
(e) Describe the formation and function of the Golgi complex.
(f) Describe the structure and function of the chloroplast.
(g) How does turgor pressure develop in a plant cell?
(h) Write any four differences between a plant cell and an animal cell.
(i) Describe the concept of division of labour and how it applies in multicellular organisms. Give at least three examples.
(j) Write a note on cell specialization.
(k) What impact might mitochondrial dysfunction or absence have on other organelles' ability to operate in a cell?
(l) What may happen if the coordination between the ribosomes and the nucleus were to fail, and why is it so important?