RISERS ACADEMY - A Project of Mustafa Group of Institutions
MCQS
1. In which phase of cell cycle, maximum growth occurs in cell?
Answer: G1 phase
11. The series of events that take place in a eukaryotic cell from its formation to it's division into two daughter cells:
Answer: Cell cycle
12. Interphase lasts for about ___ percent of the total time of cell cycle:
Answer: 95%
13. Interphase consists of how many phases:
Answer: 3 phases (G1, S, G2)
14. Which phase of cell cycle is also called growth phase:
Answer: G1 phase
15. During G1 phase cell involves in:
Answer: Growth and preparation for DNA replication
16. During S phase, duplication of chromosomes occurs as a result of:
Answer: DNA replication
17. During S phase, chromosome duplication occurs. The total no of chromosomes in cell:
Answer: Remains same
18. The cell checks for any DNA damage that may have occurred during replication and make necessary repairs in which phase:
Answer: G2 phase
19. In G0 phase the stoppage in division may be:
Answer: Temporary or permanent
20. The events of cell cycle are controlled by special:
Answer: Checkpoints
21. Which of the following cells do not enter G0 phase and continue to divide throughout life:
Answer: Skin cells
22. Which of the following cells remain in G0 phase for indefinite periods:
Answer: Nerve cells
23. The cell divides its genetic material equally into two new, identical cells during:
Answer: M-phase
24. Substance and energy required for replication of DNA is accumulated in cell during:
Answer: G1 phase
25. During cell division spindle fibers attach a chromosome at:
Answer: Centromere
26. The spindle apparatus of plants differs from that of animals is not having:
Answer: Centrioles
27. Prokaryotes divide to make identical cells. This division is called:
Answer: Binary fission
28. Mitosis occurs in which cells of eukaryotes:
Answer: Somatic cells
29. The type of cell division in which a cell divides into two daughter cells, each with the same no of chromosomes as were present in the parent cell:
Answer: Mitosis
30. Who discovered the events of mitosis:
Answer: Walther Flemming
31. Karyokinesis means the division of:
Answer: Nucleus
32. In which phase chromatin condenses and make thick chromosomes:
Answer: Prophase
33. Which of the following events occurs during prophase:
Answer: Chromatin condenses into chromosomes, nuclear envelope breaks down, spindle fibers form
34. Which of the following is false about prophase:
Answer: Chromosomes line up at equator
35. The chromosomes attach with spindle fibers arranged themselves along the equator of the cell during which phase of cell cycle:
Answer: Metaphase
36. The spindle fibers attached with chromosomes pull towards the poles. Which event occurs as a result of this pulling:
Answer: Anaphase
37. Unfolding of chromosomes occurs in:
Answer: Telophase
38. Cytokinesis is the division of:
Answer: Cytoplasm
39. Golgi Apparatus makes vesicles. These vesicles move to the equator and form:
Answer: Cell plate
40. Increase in size and no of cells is called:
Answer: Growth
41. Which of the following is not involved in significance of mitosis:
Answer: Production of gametes
42. Human body consist of about:
Answer: 100 trillion cells
43. Starfish regenerate its broken part by the process of:
Answer: Mitosis
44. Hydra reproduces asexually by means of:
Answer: Budding
45. Due to mutation in genes, uncontrolled division of cell occurs, masses of cells are formed. These masses of cells are called:
Answer: Tumors
46. If tumors migrate and invade other tissues, they are called:
Answer: Malignant tumors
47. The type of cell division in which each daughter cell receives half the number of chromosomes as compared to the parent cells:
Answer: Meiosis
48. Meiosis was discovered in 1876 by a German biologist:
Answer: Oscar Hertwig
49. Homologous chromosomes move close together. This pair up in a process called:
Answer: Synapsis
50. Non sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes become zipped together forming X-shaped structure called:
Answer: Chiasma
51. Exchange of portion of chromosomes between non-sister chromatids occurs in:
Answer: Crossing over
52. In which phase of meiosis-1 paired chromosomes are separated and pulls towards opposite poles:
Answer: Anaphase-I
53. At the end of Meiosis-I, how many daughter cells are formed:
Answer: 2
54. Which of the following is closely related to mitosis:
Answer: Meiosis-II
55. The number of chromosomes is maintained by:
Answer: Mitosis
56. The daughter cells called gametes have number of chromosomes at the end of meiosis:
Answer: Haploid (n)
57. The number of chromosomes in a zygote:
Answer: Diploid (2n)
58. Genetically different zygote is formed as a result of:
Answer: Meiosis
59. Crossing over occurs in:
Answer: Prophase-I
60. When the daughter cells receive more or less than the normal number of chromosomes, the event occurs:
Answer: Non-disjunction
61. Synapsis occurs during:
Answer: Prophase-I
62. The longest phase of meiosis:
Answer: Prophase-I
63. What causes the number of chromosomes to reduce to half when a cell divides by meiosis?
Answer: Homologous chromosomes separate
64. Chromosomal number of fruit fly is 8. The gametes of fruit fly contain:
Answer: 4 chromosomes
65. All of the following event take place both in mitosis and meiosis except:
Answer: Synapsis
66. Both the divisions begin with a parent cell that has chromosomes:
Answer: Diploid
67. Which of the following statement describes the similarities of mitosis and meiosis:
Answer: Both involve duplication of chromosomes
68. Which of the following statements describes the differences between mitosis and meiosis:
Answer: Mitosis produces 2 diploid cells; Meiosis produces 4 haploid cells
69. In which phase of cell cycle, maximum growth occurs in cell?
Answer: G1 phase
70. In which phase of cell cycle, the chromosomes duplicate?
Answer: S phase
71. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of mitosis?
Answer: Production of gametes
72. At which stage of mitosis chromosomes line up in the centre?
Answer: Metaphase
73. If you observe a cell in which nuclear membrane is reforming around two sets of chromosomes, what stage of cell cycle is this?
Answer: Telophase
74. How does the centrosome contribute to mitosis?
Answer: It forms spindle fibers
75. Centrosomes make mitotic spindle in:
Answer: Animal cells
76. An organism has 4 pairs of chromosomes. After meiosis-I, how many chromosomes and chromatids will be present in each daughter cell?
Answer: 4 chromosomes, 8 chromatids
77. Which event is unique to meiosis but not mitosis?
Answer: Crossing over
78. Why is meiosis-II necessary after meiosis-I?
Answer: To separate sister chromatids
SHORT QUESTION
(i) What is G0 phase?
(ii) Define cell cycle. Write its phases.
(iii) Describe phase.
(iv) Define interphase.
(v) What is M-phase?
(vi) What is G1 phase?
(vii) What do you know about S phase?
(viii) Define G-2 phase.
(ix) Draw a sketch of eukaryotic cell cycle.
(x) What is G-0 phase?
(xi) Differentiate between benign and malignant tumors, why does it occur?
(xii) Define mitosis.
(xiii) Can you distinguish between: Mitosis and Meiosis.
(xiv) Differentiate between karyokinesis and cytokinesis.
(xv) Can you distinguish between: chromatin and chromosome.
(xvi) How mitotic spindle is formed?
(xvii) Can you distinguish between: chromosome and chromatids.
(xviii) What do you know about prophase of mitosis?
(xix) Can you distinguish between: centromeres and centrioles.
(xx) What happens during metaphase of mitosis?
(xxi) Can you distinguish between: cytokinesis and karyokinesis.
(xxii) What is metaphase plate?
(xxiii) Draw a sketch of phases of mitosis.
(xxiv) What is a note on cytokinesis in plant cells.
(xxv) Write down the significance of mitosis.
(xxvi) Describe the errors of mitosis.
(xxvii) What do you know about tumors?
(xxviii) Differentiate between benign tumor and malignant tumor.
(xxix) What is metastasis?
(xxx) Define meiosis.
(xxxi) What is meant by diploid and haploid cells?
(xxxii) What is synapsis?
(xxxiii) Define Crossing over.
(xxxiv) What is chiasma?
(xxxv) What do you know about metaphase-I?
(xxxvi) What do you know about anaphase-I?
(xxxvii) What do you know about telophase-I?
(xxxviii) Meiosis-II closely resembles to mitosis. Explain.
(xxxix) Write down the significance of meiosis.
(xl) Explain the statement "In animals, special cells in reproductive organs undergo meiosis."
(xli) How chromosome number is maintained in flowering plants?
(xlii) How meiosis brings genetic diversity?
(xliii) What do you know about disjunction and non-disjunction?
(xliv) Write down four similarities between meiosis and mitosis.
(xlv) Differentiate between meiosis and mitosis.
(xlvi) Enlist the events that occur during the G1 phase of interphase.
(xlvii) What is the main purpose of the S phase in the cell cycle?
(xlviii) During which phase of mitosis sister chromatids separate?
(xlix) How does crossing over contribute to genetic variation in meiosis?
(l) What is the role of spindle fibers in mitosis?
(li) How is cytokinesis in animal cell different from plant cell?
(lii) What is the difference between prophase of mitosis and prophase-I meiosis-I?
(liii) How does meiosis differ from mitosis in terms of chromosome number?
(liv) What are the key events of anaphase in mitosis?
(lv) What is the function of the centrosome during cell division?
(lvi) What are sister chromatids, and when do they separate in meiosis?
(lvii) How is mitosis related to the process of regeneration?
LONG QUESTIONS
(a) Describe the events that occur during the phases of mitosis.
(b) Describe cytokinesis in animal and plant cells.
(c) Describe the significance of mitosis.
(d) Describe the events that occur during the phases of meiosis-I.
(e) Describe the significance of meiosis.
(f) What role might mistakes in the cell cycle checkpoints play in the emergence of cancer?
(g) Why do skin cells divide continuously throughout an organism's existence, but nerve and muscle cells permanently exit the cell cycle?