RISERS ACADEMY — A Project of Mustafa Group of Institutions
Class: IX (Biology)
Chapter: 02. Biodiversity
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
Which characteristic is unique to organisms in the domain Archaea?
A) Cell walls made of peptidoglycan B) Presence of a nucleus C) Ability to live in extreme environments D) Lack of ribosomes
Answer: C) Ability to live in extreme environments
Which kingdom includes organisms that are primarily unicellular, eukaryotic, and often heterotrophic?
A) Archaea B) Protista C) Fungi D) Plantae
Answer: B) Protista
Which of the following is a key characteristic that distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
A) Lack of a cell wall B) Presence of a nucleus C) Absence of ribosomes D) Smaller size
Answer: B) Presence of a nucleus
Why are fungi included in heterotrophic organisms?
A) Have chitin in cell wall B) Absorb nutrients C) Reproduce by spores D) Cannot prepare food
Answer: B) Absorb nutrients
Which of these statements is NOT related to bacteria?
A) Do not have a nucleus B) Cell wall made of peptidoglycan C) Most are heterotrophic D) Have chlorophyll in their chloroplast
Answer: D) Have chlorophyll in their chloroplast
Which of the following is the correct way of writing the scientific name of humans?
A) Homo sapiens B) homo Sapiens C) Homo Sapiens D) homo sapiens
Answer: A) Homo sapiens
Which information can you get if you know the scientific name of an organism?
A) Kingdom and phylum B) Phylum and genus C) Genus and species D) Class and species
Answer: C) Genus and species
Which of the following taxonomic ranks represents the broadest rank?
A) Species B) Genus C) Kingdom D) Domain
Answer: D) Domain
Which of these organisms belongs to the domain Eukarya?
A) Escherichia coli B) Yeast C) Coronavirus D) None of these
Answer: B) Yeast
Why is it impossible to classify viruses within traditional biological kingdoms?
A) They lack cellular structure and organelles B) They cannot perform photosynthesis C) They are smaller in size than bacteria D) They are parasites
Answer: A) They lack cellular structure and organelles
The variety of organisms in a particular area:
Answer: Biodiversity
The biodiversity in a place depends on factors:
Answer: All (climate, altitude, soil type)
The international biodiversity day is:
Answer: 22nd May
Biodiversity helps maintain the balance of ecosystem by contributing to the:
Answer: All of the above (water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles)
Which of the following help to regulate the climate:
Answer: Forests/vegetation (via the carbon cycle) — best-effort, options unclear in extraction
What does biodiversity refer to:
Answer: The variety of living organisms in an area
The branch of biology which deals with classification is:
Answer: Taxonomy
Who is considered the father of modern taxonomy?
Answer: Carl Linnaeus
Out of total kinds of organisms, how many are the kinds of plants?
Answer: 0.5 million
Out of total kinds of organisms, how many are kinds of animals:
Answer: 1.5 million
A method by which biologists divide organisms into groups and subgroups on the basis of similarities found in them:
Answer: Classification
Which of the following statements describes the aim of classification:
Answer: To find the evolutionary relationships among organisms
Which of the following provides a framework for studying and comparing different species:
Answer: Classification / Taxonomy
Which of the following statements is incorrect about classification:
Answer: Uncertain — options not reliably matched in extraction
Who devised the Linnaean system of taxonomic ranks in 1735:
Answer: Carl Linnaeus
Which rank was added to the taxonomic ranks in 1977:
Answer: Domain
The highest taxonomic rank is:
Answer: Domain
Organisms are divided into ...... ranks:
Answer: Seven
Domain is divided into:
Answer: Kingdom
Kingdom is sub-divided into related:
Answer: Phylum/Division
What comes next to family:
Answer: Genus
The most specific level of classification:
Answer: Species
It consists of similar organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring:
Answer: Species
The order of fruit fly is:
Answer: Diptera
The human belongs to which family:
Answer: Hominidae
What is the genus of pea:
Answer: Pisum
A related group of genera consists of:
Answer: Family
If humans and cats belong to the same class, they must belong to the same:
Answer: Class
Which one is the basic unit of classification?
Answer: Species
Into which kingdom would you place a multicellular land organism that performs photosynthesis?
Answer: Kingdom Plantae
Which kingdom is mismatched with the characteristics?
Answer: Uncertain — options not reliably matched in extraction
The kingdom to which algae belongs is:
Answer: Protista
Organisms that feed on dead, decaying matter are called:
Answer: Saprotrophs
Colonial organization is a feature of which kingdom:
Answer: Protista
All prokaryotic organisms are included in kingdom:
Answer: Monera
Which kingdom includes eukaryotic, multicellular and absorptive heterotrophs?
Answer: Fungi
Which of the following characteristics is not related to Animalia?
Answer: Uncertain — options not reliably matched in extraction
All of these are characteristics of Fungi — except:
Answer: Cell wall is made of cellulose (fungi cell walls are chitin, not cellulose)
Who suggested the first system of classification of organisms?
Answer: Aristotle
Euglena belongs to the kingdom Protista because:
Answer: It has both plant-like and animal-like characteristics
The kingdom which contains eukaryotic autotrophic organisms is:
Answer: Plantae
Which of the following kingdoms possesses the simplest organisms?
Answer: Monera
The cell wall of fungi is made up of:
Answer: Chitin
In which kingdom would you classify unicellular eukaryotes?
Answer: Kingdom Protista
A certain organism is multicellular, adapted for photosynthesis, and has multicellular sex organs. To which kingdom does it belong?
Answer: Kingdom Plantae
The domain of bacteria is:
Answer: Bacteria
The two-kingdom classification system was divided into which of the following?
Answer: Plantae and Animalia
Which of the following kingdoms has DNA floating freely within the cell?
Answer: Monera (Bacteria and Archaea)
Which is NOT one of the three broad domains of living organisms?
Answer: Protista (not one of the three domains — Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya)
Who translated Aristotle's book into Arabic:
Answer: Ibn Rushd (Averroes)
Who classified organisms into two groups, i.e., plants and animals:
Answer: Aristotle
Who wrote extensively about the life of ants:
Answer: Abu Usman Umar Al-Jahiz
Who created a taxonomic hierarchy of organisms with six taxa, i.e., kingdom, class, order, family, genus and species:
Answer: Carl Linnaeus
Organisms that can prepare their own food are:
Answer: Autotrophs
Which organisms have both plant-like and animal-like characteristics:
Answer: Euglena
The difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes cannot be clarified by:
Answer: Uncertain — likely Embryology, options not reliably matched in extraction
Who proposed the third kingdom classification system:
Answer: Ernst Haeckel
Ernst Haeckel included prokaryotes in which kingdom:
Answer: Protista
In the third kingdom classification system, taxonomists disagreed about the position of:
Answer: Fungi
Who introduced the five-kingdom classification system:
Answer: Robert Whittaker
Who modified the five-kingdom classification system:
Answer: Margulis and Schwartz
Prokaryotes are divided into:
Answer: Two domains — Archaea and Bacteria
In 1977, an American microbiologist added a level of classification above the kingdom present in the previously used five-kingdom system:
Answer: Carl Woese
Margulis and Schwartz considered _______ along with the level of cellular organization and modes of nutrition:
Answer: Genetics
Which organism produces oxygen during photosynthesis:
Answer: Cyanobacteria
Which group of bacteria does NOT have RNA closely related to eukaryotes:
Answer: Eubacteria
The cell membrane of Archaea contains unique:
Answer: Lipids
Which of the following is a true bacterium whose cell wall is made of peptidoglycan:
Answer: Eubacteria
Which of the following cells are larger and contain more complex structures:
Answer: Eukarya cells
Some groups of domain Bacteria perform photosynthesis because they have:
Answer: Chlorophyll
The cells of which domain contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles:
Answer: Eukarya
The parasite Entamoeba histolytica causes:
Answer: Amoebic dysentery
Kingdom Protista includes eukaryotes which are:
Answer: Unicellular
Plant-like protists are called:
Answer: Algae
Protozoans are:
Answer: Heterotrophic
Organisms of which kingdom are eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms:
Answer: Fungi
Fungi get food by:
Answer: Absorption
Which of the following is a eukaryotic, multicellular organism with a cell wall made of cellulose:
Answer: Kingdom Plantae
Organisms of which kingdom are autotrophs:
Answer: Plantae
Organisms of which kingdom develop from an embryo, ingest food, and digest it within their bodies:
Answer: Animalia
The ultramicroscopic entities at the borderline of living and non-living are:
Answer: Viruses
Viruses consist of:
Answer: DNA or RNA and a protein coat
Which of the following is acellular, cannot carry out metabolism, and depends on a host cell:
Answer: Virus
Viroids are acellular particles composed of:
Answer: RNA
Prions are acellular particles composed of:
Answer: Protein
Prions are acellular particles composed of: (duplicate of Q95 in source)
Answer: Protein
Coronavirus was identified in late 2019 in:
Answer: Wuhan
COVID-19 is a pandemic caused by:
Answer: Respiratory illness
Which of the following is included in the symptoms of COVID-19:
Answer: All (fever, cough, fatigue)
Which is composed of only protein?
Answer: Prions
Which one is acellular?
Answer: Virus
Viruses are assigned to which kingdoms:
Answer: Not included in any kingdom
The common characteristic of viruses, prions, and viroids is:
Answer: They are acellular
Viruses are not included in any domain or classification because:
Answer: They lack cellular structure/are not considered living organisms
The body of which entity consists only of RNA?
Answer: Viroids
Select the one which is NOT a characteristic of a prion:
Answer: Uncertain — options not reliably matched in extraction
Which characteristic of viruses makes them resemble living organisms?
Answer: They can replicate (reproduce)
Scientific names have the advantage of:
Answer: Having a scientific basis and being universally accepted
Binomial nomenclature was introduced by:
Answer: Carolus Linnaeus
In binomial nomenclature, in which part is the first letter capitalized?
Answer: The genus name
The scientific name of brinjal is:
Answer: Solanum melongena
Which is the correct way of writing the scientific name of an organism?
Answer: Genus capitalized, species lowercase, italicized (e.g., Homo sapiens)
The scientific name of human beings is:
Answer: Homo sapiens
In a scientific name, the first part refers to:
Answer: Genus
The system of scientific naming of organisms is called:
Answer: Binomial nomenclature
Who was the founder of the scientific naming system of organisms:
Answer: Carolus Linnaeus
The scientific name of tiger is:
Answer: Panthera tigris
The scientific name of tomato is:
Answer: Solanum lycopersicum (esculentum)
The words used in scientific names are taken from:
Answer: Latin (or Greek)
Which of the following fits the biologist's definition of "fish":
Answer: Goldfish
When printing a scientific name, it should be typed in:
Answer: Italics
Which of the following taxonomic ranks represents the broadest rank? (repeat of Q8)
Answer: D) Domain
Which characteristic is unique to organisms in the domain Archaea? (repeat of Q1)
Answer: C) Ability to live in extreme environments
Which of these statements is NOT related to bacteria? (repeat of Q5)
Answer: D) Have chlorophyll in their chloroplast
SHORT QUESTIONS
(i) What is meant by biodiversity?
(ii) Write down two key benefits of biodiversity.
(iii) Define biodiversity and classification.
(iv) Define classification.
(v) Define taxonomy and systematics.
(vi) What are the aims of classification?
(vii) Define domain and taxa.
(viii) Write down two advantages of classification.
(ix) Why is a mule not regarded as a species?
(x) What are taxonomic ranks? Who devised them?
(xi) What is a domain?
(xii) Write down the taxonomic rank of the fruit fly.
(xiii) Write down the taxonomic rank of Human.
(xiv) Define species.
(xv) Why are the following scientists famous? (a) Aristotle (b) Carolus Linnaeus.
(xvi) What is the role of Aristotle in the history of classification?
(xvii) Why is Carl Woese famous?
(xviii) What is the role of Andrea Caesalpinia in the history of classification?
(xix) Differentiate between: Bacteria and Protists.
(xx) Write down the services of Abu Usman Umar Al-Jahiz in the history of classification.
(xxi) Differentiate between: Fungi and Plants.
(xxii) Differentiate between autotrophs and heterotrophs.
(xxiii) Differentiate between: Plants and Animals.
(xxiv) Why did some taxonomists find the two-kingdom classification system unworkable?
(xxv) Answer with supportive reasons: Which is the simplest domain?
(xxvi) Why do some scientists disagree about the position of fungi in kingdom Plantae?
(xxvii) Answer with supportive reasons: Which is the most complex domain?
(xxviii) Write down the role of Ernst Haeckel in the history of classification.
(xxix) Answer with supportive reasons: Are most bacteria harmful?
(xxx) What is the basis of the five-kingdom classification system proposed by Robert Whittaker?
(xxxi) Answer with supportive reasons: Which domains can flourish/survive in the most adverse conditions?
(xxxii) What is the role of E. Chatton in the five-kingdom classification system?
(xxxiii) Define autotrophs.
(xxxiv) Write down the modifications made to Robert Whittaker's five-kingdom classification system by Margulis and Schwartz.
(xxxv) Define heterotrophs.
(xxxvi) What is the role of Carl Woese in the history of classification?
(xxxvii) Define saprotrophs.
(xxxviii) Define prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
(xxxix) Which kingdom does Euglena belong to? Give a reason for its placement. List any three characteristics of that kingdom.
(xl) How do organisms of domain Archaea survive in extreme environments?
(xli) What is a domain? Name the three domains of life.
(xlii) Write some features of organisms of domain Archaea.
(xliii) What is the basis of classification of life into domains?
(xliv) Write some major archaea bacteria.
(xlv) Compare the two-kingdom, three-kingdom, and five-kingdom classification systems.
(xlvi) Write some characteristics of organisms of domain Bacteria.
(xlvii) Compare the three-domain system of classification.
(xlviii) Differentiate between domain Bacteria and domain Eukarya.
(xlix) Differentiate between kingdom Animalia and kingdom Plantae.
(l) Write some uses of fungi.
(li) Write a note on kingdom Fungi.
(lii) Write a note on kingdom Protista.
(liii) What are the three types of protists?
(liv) Define viruses.
(lv) Write some characteristics of viruses.
(lvi) Write a short note on prions and viroids.
(lvii) From where and how did coronavirus spread?
(lviii) What are the symptoms of COVID-19?
(lix) What preventive measures can be taken for COVID-19?
(lx) Define binomial nomenclature.
(lxi) Define binomial nomenclature. Also write an example.
(lxii) What is the scientific name for potato and honey bee?
(lxiii) What is the significance of binomial nomenclature?
(lxiv) Write some rules of binomial nomenclature.
(lxv) Common names have no scientific basis. Explain.
(lxvi) Various regions have different names for the same organism. Explain.
(lxvii) What is the term used to describe the variety of organisms in ecosystems?
(lxviii) How is biodiversity crucial for humans and for planet Earth?
(lxix) What are the seven taxonomic ranks used in the Linnaean system?
(lxx) Write the taxonomic ranks of lion and corn.
(lxxi) What are the basic differences between Archaea and Bacteria?
(lxxii) What are the shortcomings of the three-kingdom classification system?
(lxxiii) Which kingdom includes organisms that are multicellular, heterotrophic, and lack cell walls?
(lxxiv) List the distinguishing characteristics of fungi.
(lxxv) List the three domains that encompass all living organisms.
(lxxvi) Why can't we classify viruses in any kingdom?
(lxxvii) How does binomial nomenclature facilitate clear communication about organisms across different languages?
LONG QUESTIONS
(a) Discuss biodiversity and its significance in maintaining the health of ecosystems. (1)
(b) Explain the importance of classification in biology and how it helps us understand the relationships between different organisms. (1)
(c) Describe the Linnaean system of classification in detail, stating the seven taxonomic ranks and their relationships. (1)
(d) Compare and contrast the domains Archaea and Bacteria, focusing on their key characteristics. (1)
(e) Describe the diagnostic characteristics of the four kingdoms within the domain Eukarya. (1)
(f) Discuss the challenges of classifying viruses within the traditional three domains of life. (1)
(g) Explain the rules and guidelines for suggesting scientific names to organisms. (1)
(h) How might placing an organism in the incorrect taxonomic group affect conservation or scientific studies? (1)
(i) Imagine you discover a new organism. What steps would you take to classify and name it according to the principles of binomial nomenclature? (1)